TITLES OF BLASPHEMY

Titles of Blasphemy

Supreme commander, Grand Master, Holy Father….God is the Supreme of everything that is good and acceptable.

John 5 ¹⁷But Jesus answered them, My Father worketh hitherto, and I work.
¹⁸Therefore the Jews sought the more to kill him, because he not only had broken the sabbath, but said also that God was his Father, making himself equal with God.
¹⁹Then answered Jesus and said unto them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, The Son can do nothing of himself, but what he seeth the Father do: for what things soever he doeth, these also doeth the Son likewise.
²⁰For the Father loveth the Son, and showeth him all things that himself doeth: and he will show him greater works than these, that ye may marvel.
²¹For as the Father raiseth up the dead, and quickeneth them; even so the Son quickeneth whom he will.
²²For the Father judgeth no man, but hath committed all judgment unto the Son:
²³That all men should honour the Son, even as they honour the Father. He that honoureth not the Son honoureth not the Father which hath sent him.

Revelation 13 ¹And I stood upon the sand of the sea, and saw a beast rise up out of the sea, having seven heads and ten horns, and upon his horns ten crowns, and upon his heads the name of blasphemy.
²And the beast which I saw was like unto a leopard, and his feet were as the feet of a bear, and his mouth as the mouth of a lion: and the dragon gave him his power, and his seat, and great authority. ³And I saw one of his heads as it were wounded to death; and his deadly wound was healed: and all the world wondered after the beast. ⁴And they worshipped the dragon which gave power unto the beast: and they worshipped the beast, saying, Who is like unto the beast? who is able to make war with him?

Revelation 17 ¹And there came one of the seven angels which had the seven vials, and talked with me, saying unto me, Come hither; I will show unto thee the judgment of the great whore that sitteth upon many waters: ²With whom the kings of the earth have committed fornication, and the inhabitants of the earth have been made drunk with the wine of her fornication. ³So he carried me away in the spirit into the wilderness: and I saw a woman sit upon a scarlet coloured beast, full of names of blasphemy, having seven heads and ten horns. ⁴And the woman was arrayed in purple and scarlet colour, and decked with gold and precious stones and pearls, having a golden cup in her hand full of abominations and filthiness of her fornication: ⁵And upon her forehead was a name written, MYSTERY, BABYLON THE GREAT, THE MOTHER OF HARLOTS AND ABOMINATIONS OF THE EARTH. ⁶And I saw the woman drunken with the blood of the saints, and with the blood of the martyrs of Jesus: and when I saw her, I wondered with great admiration.

⁷And the angel said unto me, Wherefore didst thou marvel? I will tell thee the mystery of the woman, and of the beast that carrieth her, which hath the seven heads and ten horns.

Rabbi, Master, Father

Matthew 23 ¹Then spake Jesus to the multitude, and to his disciples, ²Saying, The scribes and the Pharisees sit in Moses’ seat:
³All therefore whatsoever they bid you observe, that observe and do; but do not ye after their works: for they say, and do not.
⁴For they bind heavy burdens and grievous to be borne, and lay them on men’s shoulders; but they themselves will not move them with one of their fingers.
⁵But all their works they do for to be seen of men: they make broad their phylacteries, and enlarge the borders of their garments, ⁶And love the uppermost rooms at feasts, and the chief seats in the synagogues,
⁷And greetings in the markets, and to be called of men, Rabbi, Rabbi. ⁸But be not ye called Rabbi: for one is your Master, even Christ; and all ye are brethren. ⁹And call no man your father upon the earth: for one is your Father, which is in heaven. ¹⁰Neither be ye called masters: for one is your Master, even Christ.
¹¹But he that is greatest among you shall be your servant. ¹²And whosoever shall exalt himself shall be abased; and he that shall humble himself shall be exalted.

¹³But woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye shut up the kingdom of heaven against men: for ye neither go in yourselves, neither suffer ye them that are entering to go in.

MAN AND MAN WORSHIP

Man (creature) worshipping man, lying about the truth of God. The act of men bowing to men, literally and figuratively to creature (themselves).

Romans 1 ²²Professing themselves to be wise, they became fools, ²³And changed the glory of the uncorruptible God into an image made like to corruptible man, and to birds, and fourfooted beasts, and creeping things. ²⁴Wherefore God also gave them up to uncleanness through the lusts of their own hearts, to dishonour their own bodies between themselves: ²⁵Who changed the truth of God into a lie, and worshipped and served the creature more than the Creator, who is blessed for ever. Amen.
²⁶For this cause God gave them up unto vile affections: for even their women did change the natural use into that which is against nature: ²⁷And likewise also the men, leaving the natural use of the woman, burned in their lust one toward another; men with men working that which is unseemly, and receiving in themselves that recompense of their error which was meet. ²⁸And even as they did not like to retain God in their knowledge, God gave them over to a reprobate mind, to do those things which are not convenient; ²⁹Being filled with all unrighteousness, fornication, wickedness, covetousness, maliciousness; full of envy, murder, debate, deceit, malignity; whisperers, ³⁰Backbiters, haters of God, despiteful, proud, boasters, inventors of evil things, disobedient to parents, ³¹Without understanding, covenantbreakers, without natural affection, implacable, unmerciful: ³²Who knowing the judgment of God, that they which commit such things are worthy of death, not only do the same, but have pleasure in them that do them.

Christ and the Church (or city) as Husband and wife

Even angels weren’t given to be worshiped. The metaphor of husband and wife is something people can identify with Love, devotion, commitment, exclusiveness, jealousy. Compare the imagery to creature worshiping creature.
Revelation 19 ⁵And a voice came out of the throne, saying, Praise our God, all ye his servants, and ye that fear him, both small and great. ⁶And I heard as it were the voice of a great multitude, and as the voice of many waters, and as the voice of mighty thunderings, saying, Alleluia: for the Lord God omnipotent reigneth. ⁷Let us be glad and rejoice, and give honour to him: for the marriage of the Lamb is come, and his wife hath made herself ready. ⁸And to her was granted that she should be arrayed in fine linen, clean and white: for the fine linen is the righteousness of saints.
⁹And he saith unto me, Write, Blessed are they which are called unto the marriage supper of the Lamb. And he saith unto me, These are the true sayings of God. ¹⁰And I fell at his feet to worship him. And he said unto me, See thou do it not: I am thy fellowservant, and of thy brethren that have the testimony of Jesus: worship God: for the testimony of Jesus is the spirit of prophecy.

¹¹And I saw heaven opened, and behold a white horse; and he that sat upon him was called Faithful and True, and in righteousness he doth judge and make war.

The doctrine of Paul was not always practiced, and the metaphorical meaning alludes to something greater than the mundane or carnal symbolism.
1 Corinthians 11 ¹Be ye followers of me, even as I also am of Christ. ²Now I praise you, brethren, that ye remember me in all things, and keep the ordinances, as I delivered them to you. ³But I would have you know, that the head of every man is Christ; and the head of the woman is the man; and the head of Christ is God. ⁴Every man praying or prophesying, having his head covered, dishonoureth his head. ⁵But every woman that prayeth or prophesieth with her head uncovered dishonoureth her head: for that is even all one as if she were shaven. ⁶For if the woman be not covered, let her also be shorn: but if it be a shame for a woman to be shorn or shaven, let her be covered. ⁷For a man indeed ought not to cover his head, forasmuch as he is the image and glory of God: but the woman is the glory of the man. ⁸For the man is not of the woman; but the woman of the man. ⁹Neither was the man created for the woman; but the woman for the man. ¹⁰For this cause ought the woman to have power on her head because of the angels. ¹¹Nevertheless neither is the man without the woman, neither the woman without the man, in the Lord. ¹²For as the woman is of the man, even so is the man also by the woman; but all things of God. ¹³Judge in yourselves: is it comely that a woman pray unto God uncovered? ¹⁴Doth not even nature itself teach you, that, if a man have long hair, it is a shame unto him? ¹⁵But if a woman have long hair, it is a glory to her: for her hair is given her for a covering. ¹⁶But if any man seem to be contentious, we have no such custom, neither the churches of God.

Ephesians 5 ²¹Submitting yourselves one to another in the fear of God. ²²Wives, submit yourselves unto your own husbands, as unto the Lord. ²³For the husband is the head of the wife, even as Christ is the head of the church: and he is the saviour of the body. ²⁴Therefore as the church is subject unto Christ, so let the wives be to their own husbands in every thing. ²⁵Husbands, love your wives, even as Christ also loved the church, and gave himself for it; ²⁶That he might sanctify and cleanse it with the washing of water by the word, ²⁷That he might present it to himself a glorious church, not having spot, or wrinkle, or any such thing; but that it should be holy and without blemish. ²⁸So ought men to love their wives as their own bodies. He that loveth his wife loveth himself. ²⁹For no man ever yet hated his own flesh; but nourisheth and cherisheth it, even as the Lord the church: ³⁰For we are members of his body, of his flesh, and of his bones. ³¹For this cause shall a man leave his father and mother, and shall be joined unto his wife, and they two shall be one flesh. ³²This is a great mystery: but I speak concerning Christ and the church. ³³Nevertheless let every one of you in particular so love his wife even as himself; and the wife see that she reverence her husband.

 

Persecution of homosexuals in Nazi Germany and the Holocaust

Persecution of homosexuals in Nazi Germany and the Holocaust

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Memorial to Gay Victims of the Holocaust in Berlin. Its inscription reads: Totgeschlagen – Totgeschwiegen (Struck Dead – Hushed-Up).

In the 1920s, homosexual people in Germany, particularly in Berlin, enjoyed a higher level of freedom and acceptance than anywhere else in the world. However, upon the rise of Adolf Hitler, gay men and, to a lesser extent, lesbians, were two of the numerous groups targeted by the Nazi Party and were ultimately among Holocaust victims. Beginning in 1933, gay organizations were banned, scholarly books about homosexuality, and sexuality in general, were burned, and homosexuals within the Nazi Party itself were murdered. The Gestapo compiled lists of homosexuals, who were compelled to sexually conform to the “German norm.”

An estimated 1.2 million men were homosexual in Germany in 1928 (6% of men over the age of 20)^{[citation needed]}. Between 1933–45, an estimated 100,000 men were arrested as homosexuals, of which some 50,000 were officially sentenced^{[citation needed]}. Most of these men served time in regular prisons, and an estimated 5,000 to 15,000^{[citation needed]} of those sentenced were incarcerated in concentration camps. It is unclear how many of the 5,000 to 15,000 eventually perished in the camps, but leading scholar Ruediger Lautman believes that the death rate of homosexuals in concentration camps may have been as high as 60%. Homosexuals in the camps were treated in an unusually cruel manner by their captors, and were also persecuted by their fellow inmates. This was a factor in the high death rate for homosexuals, compared to other groups.

After the war, the treatment of homosexuals in concentration camps went unacknowledged by most countries, and some men were even re-arrested and imprisoned based on evidence found during the Nazi years. It was not until the 1980s that governments began to acknowledge this episode, and not until 2002 that the German government apologized to the gay community. This period still provokes controversy, however. In 2005, the European Parliament adopted a resolution on the Holocaust which included the persecution of homosexuals.

 

Contents [hide] 1 Purge 2 Homosexuality and the SS 3 Concentration camps 4 Post-War 5 See also 6 References 7 Further reading 8 External links

[edit] Purge

On May 10, 1933, Nazis in Berlin burned works of Jewish authors, the library of the Institut für Sexualwissenschaft, and other works considered “un-German”.

In late February 1933, as the moderating influence of Ernst Röhm weakened, the Nazi Party launched its purge of homosexual (gay, lesbian, and bisexual; then known as homophile) clubs in Berlin, outlawed sex publications, and banned organized gay groups. As a consequence, many fled Germany (e.g., Erika Mann, Richard Plaut). In March 1933, Kurt Hiller, the main organizer of Magnus Hirschfeld‘s Institute of Sex Research, was sent to a concentration camp.

Autobiography of Pierre Seel, a gay man sent to a concentration camp by the Nazis.

On May 6, 1933, Nazi Youth of the Deutsche Studentenschaft made an organised attack on the Institute of Sex Research. A few days later the Institute’s library and archives were publicly hauled out and burned in the streets of the Opernplatz. Around 20,000 books and journals, and 5,000 images, were destroyed. Also seized were the Institute’s extensive lists of names and addresses of homosexuals. In the midst of the burning, Joseph Goebbels gave a political speech to a crowd of around 40,000 people. Hitler initially protected Röhm from other elements of the Nazi Party which held his homosexuality to be a violation of the party’s strong anti-gay policy. However, Hitler later changed course when he perceived Röhm to be a potential threat to his power. During the Night of the Long Knives in 1934, a purge of those whom Hitler deemed threats to his power took place. He had Röhm murdered and used Röhm’s homosexuality as a justification to suppress outrage within the ranks of the SA. After solidifying his power, Hitler would include gay men among those sent to concentration camps during the Holocaust.

Himmler had initially been a supporter of Röhm, arguing that the charges of homosexuality against him were manufactured by Jews. But after the purge, Hitler elevated Himmler’s status and he became very active in the suppression of homosexuality. He exclaimed, “We must exterminate these people root and branch… the homosexual must be eliminated.” (Plant, 1986, p. 99).

Shortly after the purge in 1934, a special division of the Gestapo was instituted to compile lists of gay individuals. In 1936, Heinrich Himmler, Chief of the SS, created the “Reich Central Office for the Combating of Homosexuality and Abortion.”

Gays were not initially treated in the same fashion as the Jews, however; Nazi Germany thought of German gay men as part of the “Master Race” and sought to force gay men into sexual and social conformity. Gay men who would or could not conform and feign a switch in sexual orientation were sent to concentration camps under the “Extermination Through Work” campaign.

More than one million gay Germen were targeted, of whom at least 100,000 were arrested and 50,000 were serving prison terms as convicted gay men.^[1] Hundreds of European gay men living under Nazi occupation were castrated under court order.^[2]

Some persecuted under these laws would not have identified themselves as gay. Such “anti-homosexual” laws were widespread throughout the western world until the 1960s and 1970s, so many gay men did not feel safe to come forward with their stories until the 1970s when many so-called “sodomy laws” were repealed.

Lesbians were not widely persecuted under Nazi anti-gay laws, as it was considered easier to persuade or force them to comply with accepted heterosexual behavior. However, they were viewed as a threat to state values.

 

[edit] Homosexuality and the SS

According to Geoffrey J. Giles (mentioned earlier) the SS, and its leader Heinrich Himmler, were particularly concerned about homosexuality. More than any other Nazi leader, Himmler’s writing and speeches denounced homosexuality. However, despite consistently condemning homosexuals and homosexual activity, Himmler was less consistent in his punishment of homosexuals. In Geoffrey Giles’ article “The Denial of Homosexuality: Same-Sex Incidents in Himmler’s SS”, several cases are put forward where members of the Nazi SS are tried for homosexual offences. On a case by case basis, the outcomes vary widely, and Giles gives documented evidence where the judges could be swayed by evidence demonstrating the accused’s “aryan-ness” or “manliness”, that is to say by describing him as coming from true Germanic stock and perhaps fathering children. Reasons for Himmler’s leniency in some cases may derive from the difficulty in defining homosexuality, particularly in a society that glorifies the masculine ideal and brotherhood.^[3]

[edit] Concentration camps

Estimates vary widely as to the number of gay men killed in concentration camps during the Holocaust, ranging from 5,000 to 15,000.^[1] Larger numbers include those who were both Jewish and gay, or even Jewish, gay, and communist. In addition, records as to the specific reasons for internment are non-existent in many areas, making it hard to put an exact number on exactly how many gay men perished in death camps. See pink triangle.

Gay men suffered unusually cruel treatment in the concentration camps. They faced persecution not only from German soldiers but also from other prisoners, and many gay men were beaten to death. Additionally, gay men in forced labor camps routinely received more grueling and dangerous work assignments than other non-Jewish inmates, under the policy of “Extermination Through Work”. SS soldiers also were known to use gay men for target practice, aiming their weapons at the pink triangles their human targets were forced to wear.

The harsh treatment can be attributed to the view of the SS guards toward gay men, as well as to the homophobic attitudes present in German society at large. The marginalization of gay men in Germany was reflected in the camps. Many died from beatings, some of them caused by other prisoners. Nazi doctors often used gay men for scientific experiments in an attempt to locate a “gay gene” to “cure” any future Aryan children who were gay.

Experiences such as these can account for the high death rate of gay men in the camps as compared to the other “anti-social groups.” A study by Ruediger Lautmann found that 60% of gay men in concentration camps died, as compared to 41% for political prisoners and 35% for Jehovah’s Witnesses. The study also shows that survival rates for gay men were slightly higher for internees from the middle and upper classes and for married bisexual men and those with children.

Gay bomb

Gay bomb

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Jump to: navigation, search

This article is about the chemical weapon. For the war photograph, see fag bomb.

The “halitosis bomb” and “gay bomb” are informal names for two theoretical
non-lethal
chemical weapons, which a United States Air Force research laboratory speculated about producing, which involved discharging female sex pheromones over enemy forces in order to make them sexually attracted to each other.

In 1994 the Wright Laboratory in Ohio, a predecessor to today’s United States Air Force Research Laboratory, produced a three-page proposal on a variety of possible nonlethal chemical weapons, which was later obtained—complete with marginal jottings and typos—by the Sunshine Project through a Freedom of Information Act request.

Contents [hide] 1 Background 2 Leaked documents 3 Body odors 4 Ig Nobel Prize awards 5 Cultural References 6 See also 7 References 8 External links

[edit] Background

The male axilla (more commonly known as the armpit) has been hypothesized to be a source of human pheromones.

Some body spray advertisers claim that their products contain human sexual pheromones which act as an aphrodisiac. In the 1970s, “copulins” were patented as products which release human pheromones, based on research on rhesus monkeys.^[1] Subsequently, androstenone, axillary sweat, and “vomodors” have been claimed to act as human pheromones.^[2] Despite these claims, no pheromonal substance has ever been demonstrated to directly influence human behavior in a peer reviewed study.^[1][2][3]

Few well-controlled scientific studies have ever been published suggesting the possibility of pheromones in humans. Using a brain imaging technique, Swedish researchers have shown that homosexual and heterosexual males’ brains respond differently to two odors that may be involved in sexual arousal, and that the homosexual men respond in the same way as heterosexual women, though it could not be determined whether this was cause or effect. The study was expanded to include homosexual women; the results were consistent with previous findings meaning that homosexual women were not as responsive to male identified odors, while their response to female cues was similar to that of heterosexual males.^[4] According to the researchers, this research suggests a possible role for human pheromones in the biological basis of sexual orientation.^[5] In 2008, it was found using functional magnetic resonance imaging that the right orbitofrontal cortex, right fusiform cortex, and right hypothalamus respond to airborne natural human sexual sweat. ^[6]

[edit] Leaked documents

In both of the documents, the possibility was canvassed that a strong aphrodisiac could be dropped on enemy troops, ideally one which would also cause “homosexual behavior”. The documents described the aphrodisiac weapon as “distasteful but completely non-lethal“. The “New Discoveries Needed” section of one of the documents implicitly acknowledges that no such chemicals are actually known. The reports also include many other off-beat ideas, such as spraying enemy troops with bee pheromones and then hiding numerous beehives in the combat area, and a chemical weapon that would give the enemy bad breath.

[edit] Body odors

Body odor remote-engineering, such as halitosis and hyperhidrosis, was another possibility discussed. Again, these effects would be produced by a non-lethal chemical weapon—possibly one that would affect the hormonal and digestive systems. It appears that a ‘heavy sweating bomb’, ‘flatulence bomb’ and ‘halitosis bomb’ were also considered by a committee at the time. The plan was to make an enemy so smelly they could be quite literally sniffed out of hiding by their opponents. It was also considered fairly damaging to the enemy’s morale.

[edit] Ig Nobel Prize awards

Wright Laboratory won the 2007 Ig Nobel Peace Prize for “instigating research & development on a chemical weapon—the so-called ‘gay bomb’ / ‘poof bomb’ —that will make enemy soldiers become sexually irresistible to each other.”^[7] However, Air Force personnel contacted were not willing to attend the award ceremony at Harvard University’s Sanders Theatre to accept the award in person.

[edit] Cultural References

As might be guessed, the concept has been canvassed in gay pornography. One such example is Edward Ellis’ The Pheromone Bomb (London: Idol Books: 2000), which depicts the results of the detonation of such a device on a remote Pacific Island. Consequent sexual interaction is elicited for the sexual stimulation of gay male readers.

[edit] See also

• Bremelanotide, the only known synthetic
  aphrodisiac
  
• Frey effect (science)
  
• Homokaasu
  

Disclosed aphrodisiac

Disclosed aphrodisiac

Bremelanotide

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search

Bremelanotide
Systematic (IUPAC) name
(3R,6R,9S,12R,15R,23R)-15-{[(2R)-2- Acetamidohexanoyl]amino}-9-benzyl- 6-(3-carbamimidamidopropyl)-12- (1H-imidazol-5-ylmethyl)-3-(1H-indol- 3-ylmethyl)-2,5,8,11,14,17-hexaoxo- 1,4,7,10,13,18-hexaazacyclotricosane -23-carboxylic acid
Identifiers
CAS number	189691-06-3
ATC code	None
PubChem	CID 9941379
ChemSpider	8116997
Chemical data
Formula	C50H68N14O10
Mol. mass	1025.2
SMILES	eMolecules & PubChem
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.	?
Legal status	? (US)
Y(what is this?)  (verify)

Bremelanotide (pronounced /ˌbrɛmɨˈlænətaɪd/ ( listen)) (formerly PT-141) is a compound under drug development by Palatin Technologies as a treatment for hemorrhagic shock and reperfusion injury. It functions by activating the melanocortin receptors MC1R and MC4R, to modulate inflammation and limiting ischemia.^[1] It was originally developed for use in treating sexual dysfunction but this application was temporarily discontinued in 2008, after concerns were raised over adverse side effects of increased blood pressure. Currently, Palatin is in negotiations with the FDA to resume Human Phase 2 studies using a new subcutaneous drug delivery system that appears to have little effect on blood pressure.

Contents [hide] 1 Development 2 Structure 3 See also 4 References 5 External links

[edit] Development

Bremelanotide was developed from the peptide
Melanotan II which underwent testing as a sunless tanning agent. In initial testing, Melanotan II did induce tanning but additionally caused sexual arousal and spontaneous erections as unexpected side effects in nine out of the ten original male volunteer test subjects.^[2]

In studies, bremelanotide was shown to induce lordosis in an animal model^[3] and was also effective in treating sexual dysfunction in both men (erectile dysfunction or impotence) and women (sexual arousal disorder). Unlike Viagra and other related medications, it does not act upon the vascular system, but directly increases sexual desire via the nervous system.^[4]

A Phase III
clinical trial was scheduled to begin in the first half of 2007, but was delayed until August 2007. On August 30, Palatin announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration had expressed serious concerns regarding the risk/benefit ratio of bremelanotide with regards to the side effect of increased blood pressure. The FDA stated that they would consider alternate uses for bremelanotide, including as a treatment for individuals who do not respond to more established ED treatments. However, On May 13, 2008, Palatin Technologies announced it had “discontinued development of Bremelanotide for the treatment of male and female sexual dysfunction” while concurrently announcing plans to develop it as a treatment for hemorrhagic shock instead.^[5] The company additionally announced intentions to focus its attention on another compound, PL-6983, that causes lower blood pressure in animal models.^[6] Palatin has since re-initiated Bremelanotide studies for ED and FSD using a subcutaneous delivery method. On August 12, 2009, the company announced that in a double-blind study of 54 volunteers bremelanotide failed to evoke the hypertensive side effects seen with the nasal delivery system used in prior studies, concluding that “variability of uptake” inherent in intranasal administration of the drug resulted in “increases in blood pressure and gastrointestinal events…primarily related to high plasma levels in [only] a subset of patients” and that subcutaneous administration of the drug circumvented the potential for this side effect. It is now in discussions with the FDA to resume Human Phase 2 studies utilizing subcutaneous administration.^[6]

[edit] Structure

Bremelanotide is a cyclic hepta-peptide
lactam
analog of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) that activates the melanocortin receptors
MC3-R and MC4-R in the central nervous system. It has the amino acid sequence Ac-Nle-cyclo[Asp-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys]-OH or cyclo-[Nle⁴, Asp⁵, D-Phe⁷, Lys¹⁰]alpha-MSH-(4-10). It is a metabolite of Melanotan II that lacks the C-terminal
amide
function.

Gay bomb – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

 

Gay bomb

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search

This article is about the chemical weapon. For the war photograph, see fag bomb.

The "Halitosis bomb" and "Gay bomb" are informal names for two theoretical non-lethal chemical weapons, which a United States Air Force research laboratory speculated about producing, which involved discharging female sex pheromones over enemy forces in order to make them sexually attracted to each other.

In 1994 the Wright Laboratory in Ohio, a predecessor to today’s United States Air Force Research Laboratory, produced a three-page proposal on a variety of possible nonlethal chemical weapons, which was later obtained—complete with marginal jottings and typos—by the Sunshine Project through a Freedom of Information Act request.

Contents

[hide]

• 1 Background
• 2 Leaked documents
• 3 Body odors
• 4 Ig Nobel Prize awards
• 5 See also
• 6 References
• 7 External links

[edit] Background

The male Axilla (more commonly known as the armpit) has been hypothesized to be a source of human pheromones.

Some body spray advertisers claim that their products contain human sexual pheromones which act as an aphrodisiac. In the 1970s, "copulins" were patented as products which release human pheromones, based on research on rhesus monkeys.^[1] Subsequently, androstenone, axillary sweat, and "vomodors" have been claimed to act as human pheromones.^[2] Despite these claims, no pheromonal substance has ever been demonstrated to directly influence human behavior in a peer reviewed study.^[1][2][3]

Few well-controlled scientific studies have ever been published suggesting the possibility of pheromones in humans. Using a brain imaging technique, Swedish researchers have shown that homosexual and heterosexual males’ brains respond differently to two odors that may be involved in sexual arousal, and that the homosexual men respond in the same way as heterosexual women, though it could not be determined whether this was cause or effect. The study was expanded to include homosexual women; the results were consistent with previous findings meaning that homosexual women were not as responsive to male identified odors, while their response to female cues was similar to that of heterosexual males.^[4] According to the researchers, this research suggests a possible role for human pheromones in the biological basis of sexual orientation.^[5] In 2008, it was found using functional magnetic resonance imaging that the right orbitofrontal cortex, right fusiform cortex, and right hypothalamus respond to airborne natural human sexual sweat. ^[6]

[edit] Leaked documents

In both of the documents, the possibility was canvassed that a strong aphrodisiac could be dropped on enemy troops, ideally one which would also cause "homosexual behavior". The documents described the aphrodisiac weapon as "distasteful but completely non-lethal". The "New Discoveries Needed" section of one of the documents implicitly acknowledges that no such chemicals are actually known. The reports also include many other off-beat ideas, such as spraying enemy troops with bee pheromones and then hiding numerous beehives in the combat area, and a chemical weapon that would give the enemy bad breath.

[edit] Body odors

Body odor remote-engineering, such as halitosis and hyperhidrosis, was another possibility discussed. Again, these effects would be produced by a non-lethal chemical weapon — possibly one that would affect the hormonal and digestive systems. It appears that a ‘heavy sweating bomb’, ‘flatulence bomb’ and ‘halitosis bomb’ were also considered by a committee at the time. The plan was to make an enemy so smelly they could be quite literally sniffed out of hiding by their opponents. It was also considered fairly damaging to the enemy’s morale.

[edit] Ig Nobel Prize awards

Wright Laboratory won the 2007 Ig Nobel Peace Prize for "instigating research & development on a chemical weapon—the so-called ‘gay bomb’ / ‘poof bomb’ —that will make enemy soldiers become sexually irresistible to each other."^[7] However, Air Force personnel contacted were not willing to attend the award ceremony at Harvard University’s Sanders Theatre to accept the award in person.

[edit] See also

• Bremelanotide, the only known synthetic aphrodisiac
• Frey effect (science)
• Homokaasu

[edit] References

1. ^ ^{a b} Wyatt, Tristram D. (2003). Pheromones and Animal Behaviour: Communication by Smell and Taste. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-48526-6. p. 298 Quoting Preti & Weski (1999) "No peer reviewed data supporting the presences of…human…pheromones that cause rapid behavioral changes, such as attraction and/or copulation have been documented."
2. ^ ^{a b} Hays, Warren S. T., Human pheromones: have they been demonstrated? Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 2003, 54:89-97
3. ^ Bear, Mark F.; Barry W. Connors, Michael A. Paradiso (2006). Neuroscience: Exploring the Brain. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 0781760038. http://books.google.com/books?id=75NgwLzueikC&printsec=frontcover&dq=neuroscience+exploring+the+brain. p. 264 …there has not yet been any hard evidence for human pheromones that might [change] sexual attraction (for members of either sex) [naturally]
4. ^ Berglund H, Lindström P, Savic I (May 2006). "Brain response to putative pheromones in lesbian women". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 103 (21): 8269–74. doi:10.1073/pnas.0600331103. PMID 16705035. PMC 1570103. http://www.pnas.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=16705035.
5. ^ Wade, N. "Gay Men are found to have Different Scent of Attraction." NY Times, May 9, 2005
6. ^ [|Zhou, Wen]; Denise Chen (March 20 2008). "Encoding human sexual chemosensory cues in the orbitofrontal and fusiform cortices.". J Neurosci 25 (53): 14416–21. http://pubget.com/site/article/19118174.
7. ^ "Winners of the Ig Nobel Prize". Improbable Research. 2007. http://www.improb.com/ig/ig-pastwinners.html#ig2007. Retrieved 2007-10-18.

This article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please improve this article by introducing more precise citations where appropriate. (May 2009)

• ""Harassing, Annoying, and ‘Bad Guy’ Identifying Chemicals"" (PDF). Sunshine Project. http://www.sunshine-project.org/incapacitants/jnlwdpdf/wpafbchem.pdf. Retrieved 2007-06-16.
• Smith, Michael (15 January 2005). "Pentagon planned love bomb". Telegraph.co.uk (The Daily Telegraph). http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/1481260/Pentagon-planned-love-bomb.html. Retrieved 2008-04-30.
• "US military pondered love not war". news.bbc.co.uk (BBC News). 15 January 2005. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/4174519.stm. Retrieved 2007-06-16.
• Bransten, Jeremy (30 January 2007). "U.S.: Pentagon Unveils The Next Generation Of Nonlethal Weapons". GlobalSecurity.org. http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/news/2007/01/mil-070130-rferl02.htm. Retrieved 2007-06-16.
• Plante, Hank (8 June 2007). "Pentagon Confirms It Sought To Build A ‘Gay Bomb’". cbs5.com (KPIX-TV). http://cbs5.com/national/Pentagon.gay.bomb.2.284976.html. Retrieved 2008-04-30.
• Bernard, Jerome (16 June 2007). "Pentagon once mulled ‘gay bomb’ to promote love not war". Daily Times. http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2007%5C06%5C16%5Cstory_16-6-2007_pg4_12. Retrieved 2008-04-30.
• "Ig Nobel awards celebrate the sillier side of science". CNN.com (CNN). 5 October 2007. http://www.cnn.com/2007/TECH/science/10/04/ig.nobels.ap/index.html. Retrieved 2007-10-05.
• "The Gay bomb", Michael Smith, The Telegraph, 15/01/2005.

[edit] External links

• Simpson, Mark (13 June 2007). "’Armed and Amorous’". The Guardian. http://www.marksimpson.com/blog/2007/10/06/the-gay-bomb-covers-the-us-air-force-in-glory/.
• Hambrick, Greg (12 June 2007). "Gay Bomb, For Real". Gay Charleston: A Charleston City Paper Blog. Charleston City Paper. http://gaycharleston.ccpblogs.com/2007/06/12/gay-bomb-for-real/. Retrieved 2007-06-16.
• "The Air Forces’ Gay Weapon". Fight for Change. 12 June 2007. http://www.fightforchange.org/the-air-forces-gay-weapon/. Retrieved 2007-06-16.
• Kay, Jonathan (12 June 2007). ""Jonathan Kay on the Pentagon’s plan to build a ‘gay bomb’: Why is this 2005 story news again?"". Full Comment. National Post. http://communities.canada.com/nationalpost/blogs/fullcomment/archive/2007/06/12/jonathan-kay-on-the-pentagon-s-plan-to-build-a-gay-bomb-why-is-this-2005-story-news-again.aspx. Retrieved 2007-06-16.
• "The Gay Bomb, with parody diagram". Unknown Website Parody. Unknown Publisher. 12 June 2007. http://thegaybomb.com. Retrieved 2007-06-16.
• "Hadassah’s Bizzare – Electro Poetry & Absurdist Prose". Gay Bomb. Axon D’Luxe. 22 November 2007. http://www.hadassahsbizzare.com/cdaudio.htm. Retrieved 2007-11-22.

• US military planned ‘gay bomb’
• Air force looked at spray to turn enemy gay
• Air Force Considered Gay ‘Love Bomb’ Against Enemies
• US Military "Gay Bomb" Video
• Gay bomb plan by US

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